A Novel Active Contour Model for Texture Segmentation

Texture is intuitively defined as a repeated arrangement of a basic pattern or object in an image. There is no mathematical definition of a texture though. The human visual system is able to identify and segment different textures in a given image. Automating this task for a computer is far from trivial. There are three major components of any texture segmentation algorithm: (a) The features used to represent a texture, (b) the metric induced on this representation space and (c) the clustering algorithm that runs over these features in order to segment a given image into different textures. In this paper, we propose an active contour based novel unsupervised algorithm for texture segmentation. We use intensity covariance matrices of regions as the defining feature of textures and find regions that have the most inter-region dissimilar covariance matrices using active contours. Since covariance matrices are symmetric positive definite, we use geodesic distance defined on the manifold of symmetric positive definite matrices PD(n) as a measure of dissimlarity between such matrices. We demonstrate performance of our algorithm on both artificial and real texture images

Active Contour Models for Manifold Valued Image Segmentation

Image segmentation is the process of partitioning a image into different regions or groups based on some characteristics like color, texture, motion or shape etc. Active contours is a popular variational method for object segmentation in images, in which the user initializes a contour which evolves in order to optimize an objective function designed such that the desired object boundary is the optimal solution. Recently, imaging modalities that produce Manifold valued images have come up, for example, DT-MRI images, vector fields. The traditional active contour model does not work on such images. In this paper, we generalize the active contour model to work on Manifold valued images. As expected, our algorithm detects regions with similar Manifold values in the image. Our algorithm also produces expected results on usual gray-scale images, since these are nothing but trivial examples of Manifold valued images. As another application of our general active contour model, we perform texture segmentation on gray-scale images by first creating an appropriate Manifold valued image. We demonstrate segmentation results for manifold valued images and texture images

Efficient Filtering of Graph Based Data Using Graph Partitioning

An algebraic framework for processing graph signals axiomatically designates the graph adjacency matrix as the shift operator. In this setup, we often encounter a problem wherein we know the filtered output and the filter coefficients, and need to find out the input graph signal. Solution to this problem using direct approach requires O(N3) operations, where N is the number of vertices in graph. In this paper, we adapt the spectral graph partitioning method for partitioning of graphs and use it to reduce the computational cost of the filtering problem. We use the example of denoising of the temperature data to illustrate the efficacy of the approach

Tindak Pidana Pelaku Kekerasan Dalam RumahTangga (KDRT) Perbuatan Kekerasan Fisik Suami Terhadap Istri

Tujuan dalam penelitian ini ingin mengetahui faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya kekerasan dalam rumah tangga, penerapan hukuman pidana materil terhadap pelaku tidak pidana kdrt perbuatan kekerasan fisik suami terhadap istri. Metode penelitian yang digunakan kualitatif normatif, sifatnya deskriptif analisis. Data primer dan data sekunder dilakukan analisis secara kualitatif, untuk diperoleh data yang dapat dipertanggungjawabkan secara ilmiah. Hasil penelitian ini yang pertama, faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya kekerasan dalam rumah tangga yaitu faktor individu, pasangan, perselingkuhan, ekonomi, campur tangan orang ketiga, perbedaan prinsip, dan sosial budaya. Kedua, penerapan hukuman pidana materiil terhadap tindak pidana pelaku kdrt, sebagai perbuatan kekerasan fisik yang dilakukan suami terhadap istri sudah sesuai dengan peraturan undang-undang yang berlaku. Tindakan  kekerasan dalam rumah tangga Undang-undang telah mengatur tentang tindak kekerasan yang terjadi, untuk meningkatkan solidaritas terhadap masyarakat yang mengalami tindak pidana dalam keluarga.  Katakunci: Tindak Pidana, KDRT, Suami Istr

Tindak Pidana Tanpa Hak Dan Melawan Hukum Memiliki Dan Menyimpan Narkotika Golongan 1 Bukan Tanaman

Peneliti ini bertujuan ingin mengetahui penerapan hukum kepada yang memiliki narkotika, pertanggungjawaban hukuman pidana materiil dan pertimbangan putusan Majelis Hakim, terhadap tindak pidana melawan hukum karena memiliki Narkotika Golongan I bukan tanaman,  dengan Putusan No. 926/Pid.Sus/2021/PN.Srg. Metode penelitian yang digunakan hukum normatif dengan deskriptif analisis peraturan perundang-undangan. Teknik pengumpulan melalui, observasi lapangan, wawancara, dan studi literature. Hasil penelitian dalam penerapan sanksi hukum bagi yang memiliki narkotika berdasarkan Pasal 112 Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2009 tentang Narkotika dengan ancaman pidana bagi pelaku adalah pidana penjara 4  tahun dan paling lama 12 tahun atau pidana denda paling sedikit Rp.800.000.000,00 (delapan ratus juta rupiah) dan paling banyak Rp. 8.000.000.000,00 (delapan miliyar rupiah). Banyaknya jumlah narkotika yang dimiliki juga menentukan sanksi pidana bagi pelaku, adapun ancaman pidana penjara paling sedikit 5 tahun dan paling lama 20 tahun. Pertanggungjawaban pidana materiil dan pertimbangan putusan majelis hakim terhadap pelaku sudah sesuai dengan aturan hukum dan perundang-undangan yang berlaku, bahwa pelaku terbukti secara sah dan meyakinkan bersalah melakukan tindak pidana melawan hukum memiliki dan menyimpan narkotika golongan I bukan tanaman. Katakunci: Tindak Pidana, Melawan Hukum, Narkotik

Optimalisasi Tugas Kominda Jabar Dalam Rangka Penanggulangan Intoleransi Dan Radikalisme Berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 11 Tahun 2006 Tentang Komunitas Intelijen Daerah

Komunitas Inteljen Daerah (Kominda) Kabupaten Bandung menyusun strategi dalam menjaga keamanan dan ketertiban khususnya terkait pahamnya radikalisme yang bisa membuat rusak tatanan hidup bermasyarakat dan melunturkan rasa nasionalisme masyarakat Kabupaten Bandung. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah 1) Untuk mengetahui bagaimana analisis optimalisasi tugas Koordinatir Wilayah Badan Inteljen Daerah (Kominda) Jawa Barat dalam rangka penanggulangan intoleransi dan radikalisme di wilayah Bandung berdasarkan Permendagri Nomor 11 Tahun 2006, 2) Upaya yang dilakukan oleh Komunitas Inteljen Daerah (Kominda) Jawa Barat dalam rangka penanggulangan intoleransi dan radikalisme di wilayah Bandung berdasarkan Permendagri Nomor 11 Tahun 2006. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah metode normatif dengan pendekatan kualitatif, dan sifat penelitian ini deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini yaitu Penelitian Hukum Normatif (Library Research) dan penelitian lapangan (Field Research). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tugas dari kominda Jabar telah optimal dalam menanggulangi intoleransi dan radikalisme yang terjadi di wilayah Bandung sesuai dengan tugas yang termuat dalam Permendagri Nomor 11 Tahun 2006, meskipun masih banyak kendala yang dihadapi dalam melaksanakan tugasnya. Adapun upaya yang dilakukan yaitu dengan melakukan beberapa pendekatan dan program. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mencegah dan mengatasi berbagai konflik yang mungkin akan terjadi di daerah adalah dengan melakukan deteksi dan identifikasi secara dini oleh instansi yang berwenang.    Kata kunci: Optimalisasi, Intoleransi, Radikalism

Coulomb drag propulsion experiments of ESTCube-2 and FORESAIL-1

This paper presents two technology experiments – the plasma brake for deorbiting and the electric solar wind sail for interplanetary propulsion – on board the ESTCube-2 and FORESAIL-1 satellites. Since both technologies employ the Coulomb interaction between a charged tether and a plasma flow, they are commonly referred to as Coulomb drag propulsion. The plasma brake operates in the ionosphere, where a negatively charged tether deorbits a satellite. The electric sail operates in the solar wind, where a positively charged tether propels a spacecraft, while an electron emitter removes trapped electrons. Both satellites will be launched in low Earth orbit carrying nearly identical Coulomb drag propulsion experiments, with the main difference being that ESTCube-2 has an electron emitter and it can operate in the positive mode. While solar-wind sailing is not possible in low Earth orbit, ESTCube-2 will space-qualify the components necessary for future electric sail experiments in its authentic environment. The plasma brake can be used on a range of satellite mass classes and orbits. On nanosatellites, the plasma brake is an enabler of deorbiting – a 300-m-long tether fits within half a cubesat unit, and, when charged with -1 kV, can deorbit a 4.5-kg satellite from between a 700- and 500-km altitude in approximately 9–13 months. This paper provides the design and detailed analysis of low-Earth-orbit experiments, as well as the overall mission design of ESTCube-2 and FORESAIL-1.Peer reviewe

Coulomb drag propulsion experiments of ESTCube-2 and FORESAIL-1

This paper presents two technology experiments – the plasma brake for deorbiting and the electric solar wind sail for interplanetary propulsion – on board the ESTCube-2 and FORESAIL-1 satellites. Since both technologies employ the Coulomb interaction between a charged tether and a plasma flow, they are commonly referred to as Coulomb drag propulsion. The plasma brake operates in the ionosphere, where a negatively charged tether deorbits a satellite. The electric sail operates in the solar wind, where a positively charged tether propels a spacecraft, while an electron emitter removes trapped electrons. Both satellites will be launched in low Earth orbit carrying nearly identical Coulomb drag propulsion experiments, with the main difference being that ESTCube-2 has an electron emitter and it can operate in the positive mode. While solar-wind sailing is not possible in low Earth orbit, ESTCube-2 will space-qualify the components necessary for future electric sail experiments in its authentic environment. The plasma brake can be used on a range of satellite mass classes and orbits. On nanosatellites, the plasma brake is an enabler of deorbiting – a 300-m-long tether fits within half a cubesat unit, and, when charged with - 1 kV, can deorbit a 4.5-kg satellite from between a 700- and 500-km altitude in approximately 9–13 months. This paper provides the design and detailed analysis of low-Earth-orbit experiments, as well as the overall mission design of ESTCube-2 and FORESAIL-1.</p